Save the Fish is a game, but the problems are real. These facts appear in the game, each with its source.
Untreated wastewater
Only about 56% of the world's household wastewater is safely treated (2024). The rest can carry chemicals and germs into rivers and seas.
What you can do: Never pour paint, oil or medicine down the drain — take them to a collection point.
Source: UN-Water SDG 6 Data Portal, indicator 6.3.1 (2024); UN World Water Development Report, 2017
Bottles last for centuries
A plastic bottle is estimated to last 450 years or more in the sea. It never really disappears: it breaks into microplastics that fish swallow.
What you can do: Carry a refillable bottle and say no to single-use plastic.
Source: US EPA Gulf of Mexico Program, Marine Debris Timeline; NOAA Marine Debris Program (the times are estimates)
Ocean dead zones
Fertilizer and sewage runoff feed huge algae blooms. When they rot they use up the oxygen, creating 'dead zones' where fish cannot live. More than 400 had been found worldwide by 2008, and low-oxygen waters keep spreading.
What you can do: Use less fertilizer and support proper sewage treatment in your town.
Source: Diaz & Rosenberg, Science, 2008; Breitburg et al., Science, 2018
Rings that trap
Six-pack rings and plastic bags tangle turtles, seabirds and fish. Turtles often mistake floating bags for jellyfish.
What you can do: Cut every loop of plastic rings before you throw them away, and bring your own bag.
Source: NOAA Marine Debris Program
Oil spills
Even a small oil leak spreads into a thin film over a wide area, blocking sunlight and coating fish gills, feathers and coral.
What you can do: Recycle used motor oil at a collection point — never pour it on the ground or into drains.
Source: NOAA Office of Response and Restoration
Coral reefs: cities under the sea
Coral reefs cover less than 1% of the ocean floor but are home to about 25% of all marine species. Warmer seas are the main cause of coral bleaching; sewage and chemicals add stress and make it harder for corals to recover.
What you can do: Never litter at the beach, pick reef-safe sunscreen and don't break off coral as a souvenir.
Source: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program; NOAA Coral Reef Watch
One butt, one litre of poison
For decades cigarette butts have been one of the most common items picked up at the International Coastal Cleanup. Their plastic filter leaks nicotine, arsenic and heavy metals. In a lab test, the leachate of about one smoked butt per litre of water killed half of the fish within 96 hours.
What you can do: Never flick a butt on the ground or into a drain: rain carries it to rivers and the sea. Use a bin or a pocket ashtray.
Source: Slaughter et al., Tobacco Control, 2011; Ocean Conservancy, International Coastal Cleanup reports
Millions of tonnes a year
In 2010 alone, between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes of plastic waste from coastal countries ended up in the ocean, mostly from waste that was never collected or was badly managed.
What you can do: Refuse single-use plastic when you can, and put rubbish in a closed bin so wind and rain can't carry it away.
Source: Jambeck et al., Science, 2015
Fishing line: about 600 years
Lost monofilament fishing line is estimated to take about 600 years to break down in the sea. Until then it wraps around fins, flippers and beaks, and it slowly crumbles into microplastics instead of disappearing.
What you can do: If you fish, take every scrap of line home or drop it in a line-recycling bin.
Source: US EPA Gulf of Mexico Program, Marine Debris Timeline; NOAA Marine Debris Program (the times are estimates)